"steuraz" meaning in All languages combined

See steuraz on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈsteu̯.rɑz/
Etymology: Uncertain. * The term is sometimes connected with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀 (staora, “large domestic animal”), which could perhaps indicate a PIE form *stéh₂wros (“big”), though a pre-form of this exact shape is also suggested to be the source of Proto-Germanic *stōraz. * The EIEC reconstructs a shared pre-form *stewros (“large (domestic) animal”) and presumes that the semantics of the Germanic terms were influenced by *táwros (“bull”), whence also Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”). * Alternatively, the term may instead have been inherited from the same source as Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros, though Kroonen doubts this possibility, arguing that it requires ablaut with the non-IE word *táwros (which is probably from a substrate source) and also s-mobile. * Ultimately, Kroonen suggests that both *steuraz and *þeuraz were borrowed from a substrate source with "irregular sound substitution" of a non-IE consonant, thereby producing the two variant forms. As an example of the possible non-IE phoneme in question, Kroonen suggests /θ/, which does appear in Etruscan θevrumines (“minotaur”). Kroonen has further proposed that the Germanic forms may have been borrowed twice at different stages of the language, in which case the term *steuraz was perhaps borrowed before Grimm's law and thus before the language had dental fricatives. Alternatively, Kroonen postulates that the differing initial consonants could merely reflect a series of sound substitutions as the wanderwort spread across various languages. Etymology templates: {{unc|gem-pro}} Uncertain, {{cog|ae|𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀|t=large domestic animal|tr=staora}} Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀 (staora, “large domestic animal”), {{ncog|gem-pro|*stōraz}} Proto-Germanic *stōraz, {{cog|gem-pro|*þeuraz|t=bull}} Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”), {{cog|gem-pro|*þeuraz|t=bull}} Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”), {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*táwros}} Proto-Indo-European *táwros, {{der|gem-pro|qfa-sub}} substrate, {{ic|/θ/}} /θ/, {{cog|ett|θevrumines|t=minotaur}} Etruscan θevrumines (“minotaur”) Head templates: {{gem-noun|m}} *steuraz m Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], steuraz [nominative, singular], steurōz [nominative, plural], steurōs [nominative, plural], steur [singular, vocative], steurōz [plural, vocative], steurōs [plural, vocative], steurą [accusative, singular], steuranz [accusative, plural], steuras [genitive, singular], stiuris [genitive, singular], steurǫ̂ [genitive, plural], steurai [dative, singular], steuramaz [dative, plural], steurō [instrumental, singular], steuramiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. bull Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers, Grimm's law Tags: masculine, reconstruction Synonyms: *bulô, *þeuraz
    Sense id: en-steuraz-gem-pro-noun-xnwSY2UU Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
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      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
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                {
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                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "steer"
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              "word": "steor"
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                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "stere"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "stēor"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "stiār"
        },
        {
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            {
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "stēr"
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          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*stior"
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          "word": "stier"
        },
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                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
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                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
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              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
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          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "stier"
        },
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            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Alemannic German",
                  "lang_code": "gsw",
                  "word": "Stier"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Stier"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
                  "lang_code": "lb",
                  "word": "Stéier"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "stier"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "stior"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "word": "*steur"
    },
    {
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        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "stjór"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "stjórr"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "lang_code": "got",
      "roman": "stiur",
      "word": "𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐍂"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀",
      "𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀#Avestan"
    ],
    [
      "*stōraz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stōraz"
    ],
    [
      "*táwros",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/táwros"
    ],
    [
      "*þeuraz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeuraz"
    ],
    [
      "*þeuraz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeuraz"
    ],
    [
      "*táwros",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/táwros"
    ],
    [
      "*táwros",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/táwros"
    ],
    [
      "*þeuraz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeuraz"
    ],
    [
      "θevrumines",
      "θevrumines#Etruscan"
    ],
    [
      "wanderwort",
      "wanderwort"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀",
        "t": "large domestic animal",
        "tr": "staora"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀 (staora, “large domestic animal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*stōraz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stōraz",
      "name": "ncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*þeuraz",
        "t": "bull"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*þeuraz",
        "t": "bull"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*táwros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *táwros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/θ/"
      },
      "expansion": "/θ/",
      "name": "ic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ett",
        "2": "θevrumines",
        "t": "minotaur"
      },
      "expansion": "Etruscan θevrumines (“minotaur”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain.\n* The term is sometimes connected with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀 (staora, “large domestic animal”), which could perhaps indicate a PIE form *stéh₂wros (“big”), though a pre-form of this exact shape is also suggested to be the source of Proto-Germanic *stōraz.\n* The EIEC reconstructs a shared pre-form *stewros (“large (domestic) animal”) and presumes that the semantics of the Germanic terms were influenced by *táwros (“bull”), whence also Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”).\n* Alternatively, the term may instead have been inherited from the same source as Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros, though Kroonen doubts this possibility, arguing that it requires ablaut with the non-IE word *táwros (which is probably from a substrate source) and also s-mobile.\n* Ultimately, Kroonen suggests that both *steuraz and *þeuraz were borrowed from a substrate source with \"irregular sound substitution\" of a non-IE consonant, thereby producing the two variant forms. As an example of the possible non-IE phoneme in question, Kroonen suggests /θ/, which does appear in Etruscan θevrumines (“minotaur”). Kroonen has further proposed that the Germanic forms may have been borrowed twice at different stages of the language, in which case the term *steuraz was perhaps borrowed before Grimm's law and thus before the language had dental fricatives. Alternatively, Kroonen postulates that the differing initial consonants could merely reflect a series of sound substitutions as the wanderwort spread across various languages.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuraz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steur",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuranz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stiuris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuramaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuramiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "*steuraz m",
      "name": "gem-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/steuraz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bull"
      ],
      "id": "en-steuraz-gem-pro-noun-xnwSY2UU",
      "links": [
        [
          "bull",
          "bull"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*bulô"
        },
        {
          "word": "*þeuraz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Grimm's law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsteu̯.rɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "steuraz"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
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                  "word": "steer"
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                {
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                    {
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                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "ster"
                },
                {
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                      "lang": "Scots",
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                      "word": "steer"
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                  "word": "stere"
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                {
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                      "word": "steer"
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                  "word": "steir"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "steer"
            },
            {
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                {
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                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "steer"
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                {
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                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
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                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "ster"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "stere"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "steir"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "steor"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "steer"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "ster"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "stere"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "steir"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "ster"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "steer"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "ster"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "stere"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Scots",
                      "lang_code": "sco",
                      "word": "steer"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle Scots",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
                  "word": "steir"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "stere"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "stēor"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "stiār"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "stēr"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*stior"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "stēr"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "stier"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Afrikaans",
                      "lang_code": "af",
                      "word": "stier"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "stier"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "stier"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "stier"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Alemannic German",
                  "lang_code": "gsw",
                  "word": "Stier"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "German",
                  "lang_code": "de",
                  "word": "Stier"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
                  "lang_code": "lb",
                  "word": "Stéier"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle High German",
              "lang_code": "gmh",
              "word": "stier"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old High German",
          "lang_code": "goh",
          "word": "stior"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "word": "*steur"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "stjór"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "stjórr"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "lang_code": "got",
      "roman": "stiur",
      "word": "𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐍂"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀",
      "𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀#Avestan"
    ],
    [
      "*stōraz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stōraz"
    ],
    [
      "*táwros",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/táwros"
    ],
    [
      "*þeuraz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeuraz"
    ],
    [
      "*þeuraz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeuraz"
    ],
    [
      "*táwros",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/táwros"
    ],
    [
      "*táwros",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/táwros"
    ],
    [
      "*þeuraz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeuraz"
    ],
    [
      "θevrumines",
      "θevrumines#Etruscan"
    ],
    [
      "wanderwort",
      "wanderwort"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀",
        "t": "large domestic animal",
        "tr": "staora"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀 (staora, “large domestic animal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*stōraz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stōraz",
      "name": "ncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*þeuraz",
        "t": "bull"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*þeuraz",
        "t": "bull"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*táwros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *táwros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/θ/"
      },
      "expansion": "/θ/",
      "name": "ic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ett",
        "2": "θevrumines",
        "t": "minotaur"
      },
      "expansion": "Etruscan θevrumines (“minotaur”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain.\n* The term is sometimes connected with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀 (staora, “large domestic animal”), which could perhaps indicate a PIE form *stéh₂wros (“big”), though a pre-form of this exact shape is also suggested to be the source of Proto-Germanic *stōraz.\n* The EIEC reconstructs a shared pre-form *stewros (“large (domestic) animal”) and presumes that the semantics of the Germanic terms were influenced by *táwros (“bull”), whence also Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”).\n* Alternatively, the term may instead have been inherited from the same source as Proto-Germanic *þeuraz (“bull”), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros, though Kroonen doubts this possibility, arguing that it requires ablaut with the non-IE word *táwros (which is probably from a substrate source) and also s-mobile.\n* Ultimately, Kroonen suggests that both *steuraz and *þeuraz were borrowed from a substrate source with \"irregular sound substitution\" of a non-IE consonant, thereby producing the two variant forms. As an example of the possible non-IE phoneme in question, Kroonen suggests /θ/, which does appear in Etruscan θevrumines (“minotaur”). Kroonen has further proposed that the Germanic forms may have been borrowed twice at different stages of the language, in which case the term *steuraz was perhaps borrowed before Grimm's law and thus before the language had dental fricatives. Alternatively, Kroonen postulates that the differing initial consonants could merely reflect a series of sound substitutions as the wanderwort spread across various languages.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuraz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steur",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuranz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stiuris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuramaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steurō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "steuramiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "*steuraz m",
      "name": "gem-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/steuraz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
        "gem-pro:Agriculture",
        "gem-pro:Bovines"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bull"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bull",
          "bull"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*bulô"
        },
        {
          "word": "*þeuraz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers",
        "Grimm's law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsteu̯.rɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "steuraz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for steuraz meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.